|
Further reading documents
|
all documents
|
...
The Corruption Fighters’ Tool Kitpresents a large number of innovative anti-corruption tools developed and implemented by civil society, and makes thetools available to interested parties all over the globe. Further Reading Document Transparency International 2002 Anti-corruption kit: 15 ideas for young activists Further Reading Document Transparency International 2014 Yvonne Goudie, Stéphanie Burnett, Anna Thayenthal An Integrity Pact is a tool that seeks to improve
transparency, accountability and integrity in public
procurement. It was developed by Transparency
International to help governments, businesses and civil
society fight corruption in public contracting.
The purpose of this publication is to contribute to the
already existing literature on Integrity Pacts, but from
a civil society perspective. Further Reading Document Transparency International 2016 Adam Daka, Apollinaire Mupiganyi, Ashutosh Kumar Mishra, Claire Martin, Donal O’Leary and cie Indicators Foundations Further Reading Document Transparency International 2017 Transparency International This toolkit introduces the National Integrity System (NIS) concept and approach and provides those implementing the NIS with the necessary information and tools to conduct the NIS assessment. The annexes also contain key operational information for this assignment, such as interview guidelines, a draft NIS workshop agenda and several specific guiding documents for the research component of the project. Further Reading Document Transparency International 2012 Transparency International Tools to Support Transparency in Local Governance Further Reading Document Transparency International, UN-HABITAT 2004 Bridget Oballa; Michael Lippe; Mohamed Halfani; Raf Tuts; Szilard Friscka Public Expenditure Tracking Surveys, or PETS, are recognised as an effective tool to improve
accountability in public finance and service delivery. A Ugandan success with PETS is one of the
most cited anti-corruption success stories. This U4 Issue
Paper takes a closer look at the experience of expenditure tracking and argues that its successes may
have been overstated. It suggests that an uncritical acceptance of the effectiveness of expenditure
tracking has hindered the development of a more nuanced approach that is better suited to the
particular circumstances of each case. The paper proposes some principles of engagement on how to
track expenditures more effectively. Further Reading Document U4 Anti-Corruption Resource Centre 2017 Geir Sundet Despite significant investment in anti-corruption work over the past 15 years, most systemically corrupt
countries are considered to be just as corrupt now as they were before the anti-corruption interventions.
A growing number of authors argue that anti-corruption efforts have not worked because they are based
on inadequate theory, suggesting that collective action theory offers a better understanding of corruption
than the principal-agent theory usually used. This paper argues that both theories are in fact valuable, but
both miss out an important third perspective, which is that corruption can serve important functions, solving
difficult problems that people face, especially in weak institutional environments. Further Reading Document U4 Anti-Corruption Resource Centre 2017 Dr Heather Marquette; Dr Caryn Peiffer U4 organised a facilitated discussion to share experiences and identify trends and lessons in developing, disseminating and implementing anti-corruption strategies within aid agencies.1 This Brief draws on this discussion, as well as on a review of available strategies and related documents. Further Reading Document U4 Anti-Corruption Resource Centre 2017 Liz Hart; Nils Taxell In 2006, the OECD Development Assistance Committee Ministers of Development expressed a desire to move towards more effective collective responses to corruption. However, donors have continued to struggle with responding robustly to corruption cases. Donors cannot afford to continue to respond in a haphazard, inconsistent, and poorly planned fashion. Attention should be invested into how to respond to corruption cases in a manner that has a strategic focus beyond getting the money back. This means preparing a coordinated response; acting consistently and predictably; and maintaining a dialogue with multiple partners including non-state actors. Further Reading Document U4 Anti-Corruption Resource Centre 2017 Maja de Vibe; Nils Taxell Bilateral donors often use “zero tolerance for corruption policies” to signal a tough stance against
corruption, but staff often experience a lack of clarity on how to apply these policies in practice.
Some multilateral development banks have had long experience in applying zero tolerance to
corruption policies. Their experience indicates that the strict application of these policies—that
is, the full investigation, prosecution, and sanction of all instances of corruption, no matter how
minor—is usually not feasible. Zero tolerance policies should translate not to zero appetite for
risk, but rather to adequate risk management processes. Further Reading Document U4 Anti-Corruption Resource Centre 2017 Francesco De Simone; Nils Taxell The introduction of ‘new’ aid modalities – and in particular general budget support – has increased
the interest in the relationship between corruption and aid modalities. This U4 Issue reviews the
information that theory and empirical studies provide on the prevalence of corruption in relation to
various aid modalities, the degrees to which corruption distorts the developmental impact of
different aid modalities, and whether aid modalities affect the governance environment and
corruption in a country differently. Further Reading Document U4 Anti-corruption Resource Centre 2017 Verena Fritz; Ivar Kolstad Non-governmental organisations (NGOs) are often on the front line of aid delivery, managing a
significant proportion of aid funds. The risk of corruption in NGO operations is therefore a significant
concern. Yet so far, many international donors and the NGOs themselves have not taken a
comprehensive approach to managing these corruption risks. Based on an analysis of the systems of
four donor agencies and four international NGOs, this report distills good practices for NGO
corruption risk management systems. Further Reading Document U4 Anti-Corruption Resource Centre 2017 Marijana Trivunovic; Jesper Johnsøn; Harald Mathisen Aid agencies need better systems to identify, assess, and mitigate corruption risks. Risk
assessments should consider two main dimensions of an act of corruption: probability and
expected impact. Cost-effectiveness considerations determine whether corruption risks should
be treated, and how. Aid agencies cannot focus on own fiduciary and reputational risk, but must
make investment decisions based on the magnitude of risk that different types of corruption pose
for development objectives. The aim is not to eliminate corruption but to optimise development
results. Further Reading Document U4 Anti-Corruption Resource Centre 2017 Jesper Stenberg Johnsøn Civil society accountability initiatives that take into account power structures at multiple levels can produce more lasting institutional change, compared to locally-bounded initiatives that address the symptoms rather than the underlying causes of accountability failures. Vertically integrated civil society policy monitoring and advocacy initiatives involve inter-relationships between local, subnational, national and international actors. Further Reading Document U4 Anti-Corruption Resource Centre 2017 Jonathan Fox and Joy Aceron Public integrity assessments tools usually aim to
assess the institutional framework for promoting
integrity and combating corruption across the public
sector, and/or to identify corruption or corruption risks
within specific government agencies and/or among
public officials. There are only a few integrity
assessments tools that have been implemented to rate
public official integrity and ethics in countries across the
globe such as integrity tests for pre-employment
screening, integrity testing, and life-style checks. Further Reading Document U4 Anti-Corruption Resource Centre 2017 Maira Martini, Transparency International,
|
